Needs Assessment for a Home-based Physical Activity Program for Mid-life African American Women with Chronic Health Conditions in an Underserved Healthcare Setting: A Quality Improvement Project

Abstract

Only 21% of U.S. adults meet the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) 2008 Physical Activity (PA) Guidelines. African Americans (AA) are less likely to meet PA guidelines despite higher rates of chronic health conditions that benefit from regular PA. To understand how to best engage patients in their own health promotion behaviors, healthcare providers must first understand the needs and preferences of specific patient populations for these activities. The aim of this project was to conduct a needs assessment regarding the feasibility and acceptability of a home-based PA program for underserved mid-life AA women diagnosed with at least one of four chronic conditions, who receive healthcare in an urban primary care clinic. Qualitative and quantitative data were gathered to assess the population’s current PA level and benefits and barriers to exercise. Interviews with 16 women were centered on their review of pictures of the home-based PA program, focusing on interest in completing the exercises. The staff interviews focused on their perceptions of the home-based PA program, the fit into usual care, and what type of delivery model for the exercise would best suit the clinic’s and patients’ needs. The needs assessment confirms that a home-based PA program in mid-life AA women with chronic health conditions is feasible and acceptable. The identification of barriers to PA and feedback from staff focus groups will guide the development of a tailored home-based PA program and future initiatives to support PA. Increasing PA will enhance self-management of chronic health conditions, support healthy lifestyle behaviors, and improve health outcomes.